Essay on A Comparison between Traditional and Modern Society

Traditional vs. Modern Society SOSC 1000: Introduction to Social Science Niharika Sethi Student number: 212273066 TUTORIAL #1: Manuel Larrabure Traditional vs. Modern Society In order for society to progress it must change constantly, and as a population we must adjust to new customs and ever changing expectations. Since the foundation of society is its people, it is important to analyze the patterns and behaviors of certain groups, in order to identify the type of society that they live in. This is a codependent relationship, which means the actions of people, directly impacts the growth of society. Over the past few decades we have seen a major paradigm shift in how society functions. We have witnessed changes such as†¦show more content†¦The addition of a legal system was necessary as the population grew, making it one of the major differences between traditional and modern society. Gender roles are instilled in our brains from the day we are born. Gender stereotypes are extremely common, making it difficult to escape certain biases. However, as the norms of society have shifted, gender roles are merely ideas, the hold little value, and it is easier to break free of their restrictions. As Shils describes in his text about the theory of mass society, â€Å"This dispersion of charisma from the center outward has manifested itself in a greater stress on individual dignity and individual rights in all generations, strata in both sexes, and in the whole variety of ethnic groups and peoples.† (Shils, 164) You’re no longer barred to certain expectations based solely on your sex. Individuality is respected and acknowledged, regardless of gender. Women have joined the working force, and are no longer expected to stay at home. Women are also able to express themselves as they please, and have creative freedom. In traditional society, women were forced to sta y at home, be nurturing, and show no signs of sexuality. As perceived by Campbell in his writing of the ethnic Greek group Sarakatsan, he states: â€Å"The quality required of women in relation to honor is shame, particularly sexual shame.Show MoreRelatedWomen Gender Roles in Society Essay795 Words   |  4 PagesGender Roles In Society Essay Gender roles have had a dominant place in society throughout the century, different families emphasizing different roles. Society places certain expectations on men and women; allocating specific responsibilities to each gender. In Alice Munroe’s and James Joyces short stories, the inexplicit social roles for women exist throughout society during these eras. In Alice Munroe’s â€Å"Boys and Girls† the narrator’s mother is viewed as a stereotypical traditional housewife asRead MoreTraditional vs Modern Society958 Words   |  4 Pagesmember of a traditional society would feel as though there are many advantages of his or her type of society as opposed to modern society. A member of a traditional society would feel as though modern society has quite a few flaws. Traditional society focuses more towards the improvement of society as a whole rather than focusing on self and personal gain. There are many comparisons between the two societies that can be made that show the differences in beliefs held by each society. By comparingRead MoreDifference Between Traditional And Modern Society Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough both societies established their own belief on ideology, ethics, and traditions. Nevertheless, a traditional society’s foundation built on the extended family with each family considers as the welfare state. Consequently, the family is completely responsible for their well-being and offspring’s success. Conversely, the government is exclusively responsible for many of the services in modern society. 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What was once the idealized nuclear family, is now criticized by many modern day thinkers as it invokes a heteronormative that oppresses any other forms of family and sexual relationships. This concept can be seen in the given article by Bell Hooks. In Hooks’ document, she talks about the racist oppression of sexist dominationRead MoreGay Marriage Should Not Only Be A Civil Right1569 Words   |  7 Pagesgreat country of liberty, the great country of opportunities and the great country of equality. As long as an American wants to marry a person of the opposite sex there seems to be no limits to their pursuit of happiness. Even in the progressive, modern year of 2015, the question of whether or not gay couples should be permitted to perform the act of a legal marriage divides the United States of America into two. Although more th an half of the states have legalized gay marriage, fourteen states,Read MoreNotes on Virtue, Tradition and Animal Mating Essay893 Words   |  4 Pages1. In Rousseau’s criticism of the effects of modern civilization, one of his critical themes that evident is virtue. He believes the new arts and sciences give the appearance but not the reality of virtue, which he holds to be the true value of civilization. Rousseau seems to indicate that humans in a state of nature were moral and generally good, because in their original simplicity they could not deceive one another. The arts and sciences, then, challenge that basic morality, being created throughoutRead MoreInternational and Domestic Marketing Comparison Paper: India and the United States1408 Words   |  6 PagesInternational and Domestic Marketing Comparison Paper: India and the United States Introduction Nations, like the people who inhabit them, are all different. Some, like the United States, are at the forefront of technology and development. Others exist as third world nations, where even the most basic necessities are hard to come by. And then there are those which are in the middle, such as India. In the past 20 years, India has grown in the eyes of the global community from a rural, developingRead MoreEssay on Traditional African Music1598 Words   |  7 PagesTraditional African Music An attempt to pin down a single meaning for the word traditional, presents a problem in many ways. The implications of the word are many, and are tied to various connotations. Some people, Westerners in particular, may actually shun the traditional, as they feel that it implies a resistance to modernity. This view is incorrect, and there exists an ethnocentric double standard when Westerners consider their tradition versus African tradition. Others focus on traditionRead MoreFree-Thinking Women in Mariama Ba ´s So Long a Letter1531 Words   |  7 Pagespresent in this Senegalese society. The clear contrast between traditional cultural practices and the modern ideologies present in revolutionary, free-thinking women, create a definitive border between these two polar opposite viewpoints. Ramatoulaye, Daba, and Aissatou are significant figures in the novel that showcase the modernizing roles and thinking of women through the comparison of their cultural norms. They challenge the ol d older and differ greatly from traditional society; this is emphasized throughout

Essay on How WW1 Changed British Literature - 1776 Words

World War One began on July 28, 1914 and ended with the signing of the armistice on November 11, 1918. The war cost a total of one hundred eighty-six billion dollars. The total casualties of the war were thirty-seven million, with another eleven million civilian casualties. The British Empire alone lost over three million people in the war. (English) World War One effected the whole world- the heartache and bloodshed changed politics, economics, and public opinion. This war changed peoples lives, but it also changes their way of thinking and their way of writing. After World War One British literature was changed from simple stories to a more realistic and meaningful approach to life. Nineteenth century England is what most historians†¦show more content†¦Charles Dickens was the reason that the new spirit of realism came along in the nineteenth century. Dickenss novels of contemporary life exhibit an amazing ability to create living characters. Also, Dickens is known for his different style of humor and parody. Thomas Hardy wrote about other people’s encounters with fate and circumstances, his outlook on life seems pessimistic when you read most of his novels. â€Å"Wellss novels often seem to be sociological investigations of the ills of modern civilization rather than self-contained stories.† (English) H.G. Wells wrote novels based on his experiences in life, he wrote about what he thought would go wrong or what was wrong with the society that he was surrounded by. Poets of the nineteenth century tried to tell stories through poetry. They also experimented with perspective and character. â€Å"‘Amours de Voyage’ is a long epistolary poem that tells the story of a failed romance through letters written by various characters.† (Abrams) â€Å"Amours de Voyage† is an example of how Victorian poets tried to play with their characters. Victorian poets tried to make their story come alive by using great detail, this way the reader could draw a visual picture from the words on the paper. This picture that the author creates carries the emotion of the entire poem. The sound that a poem had during this time made all the difference. The way that a poet used alliteration, emphasis and different vowel soundsShow MoreRelatedHow Ww1 Changed British Literature1772 Words   |  8 Pageswere thirty-seven million, with another eleven million civilian casualties. The British Empire alone lost over three million people in the war. (Engli sh) World War One effected the whole world- the heartache and bloodshed changed politics, economics, and public opinion. This war changed peoples lives, but it also changes their way of thinking and their way of writing. After World War One British literature was changed from simple stories to a more realistic and meaningful approach to life. 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His influence on economics was so great that the boom the Western industrial countries experienced between 1945 and 1975 has been termed the Age of Keynes. When beginning to see how Keynes came to have such an impact and how he fitsRead MoreAs sessment of Credit Management.in Case of Dashen Bank Wukiro Branch11228 Words   |  45 PagesHypothesis 3 1.5 Objective of the Study 4 1.5.1 General Objective of the Study 4 1.5.2 Specific Objective of the Study 4 1.6 Scope of the Study 4 1.7 Limitation of the Study 4 1.8 Significance of the study 4 CHAPTER TWO 6 2. Literature Review 6 2.1 Definition of Credit management 6 2.2 Process of Credit Management 6 2.3 Types of Credit 7 2.4 Credit policy variables 7 2.4.1 Credit Standard 8 2.4.2 Credit analysis 8 2.4.3 Credit term 9 2.4.4 Collection policy

A Game of Thrones Chapter Eighteen Free Essays

string(33) " view atop its three high hills\." Catelyn We will make King’s Landing within the hour.† Catelyn turned away from the rail and forced herself to smile. â€Å"Your oarmen have done well by us, Captain. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Eighteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each one of them shall have a silver stag, as a token of my gratitude.† Captain Moreo Turnitis favored her with a half bow. â€Å"You are far too generous, Lady Stark. The honor of carrying a great lady like yourself is all the reward they need.† â€Å"But they’ll take the silver anyway.† Moreo smiled. â€Å"As you say.† He spoke the Common Tongue fluently, with only the slightest hint of a Tyroshi accent. He’d been plying the narrow sea for thirty years, he’d told her, as oarman, quartermaster, and finally captain of his own trading galleys. The Storm Dancer was his fourth ship, and his fastest, a two-masted galley of sixty oars. She had certainly been the fastest of the ships available in WhiteHarbor when Catelyn and Ser Rodrik Cassel had arrived after their headlong gallop downriver. The Tyroshi were notorious for their avarice, and Ser Rodrik had argued for hiring a fishing sloop out of the Three Sisters, but Catelyn had insisted on the galley. It was good that she had. The winds had been against them much of the voyage, and without the galley’s oars they’d still be beating their way past the Fingers, instead of skimming toward King’s Landing and journey’s end. So close, she thought. Beneath the linen bandages, her fingers still throbbed where the dagger had bitten. The pain was her scourge, Catelyn felt, lest she forget. She could not bend the last two fingers on her left hand, and the others would never again be dexterous. Yet that was a small enough price to pay for Bran’s life. Ser Rodrik chose that moment to appear on deck. â€Å"My good friend,† said Moreo through his forked green beard. The Tyroshi loved bright colors, even in their facial hair. â€Å"It is so fine to see you looking better.† â€Å"Yes,† Ser Rodrik agreed. â€Å"I haven’t wanted to die for almost two days now.† He bowed to Catelyn. â€Å"My lady.† He was looking better. A shade thinner than he had been when they set out from WhiteHarbor, but almost himself again. The strong winds in the Bite and the roughness of the narrow sea had not agreed with him, and he’d almost gone over the side when the storm seized them unexpectedly off Dragonstone, yet somehow he had clung to a rope until three of Moreo’s men could rescue him and carry him safely below decks. â€Å"The captain was just telling me that our voyage is almost at an end,† she said. Ser Rodrik managed a wry smile. â€Å"So soon?† He looked odd without his great white side whiskers; smaller somehow, less fierce, and ten years older. Yet back on the Bite it had seemed prudent to submit to a crewman’s razor, after his whiskers had become hopelessly befouled for the third time while he leaned over the rail and retched into the swirling winds. â€Å"I will leave you to discuss your business,† Captain Moreo said. He bowed and took his leave of them. The galley skimmed the water like a dragonfly, her oars rising and falling in perfect time. Ser Rodrik held the rail and looked out over the passing shore. â€Å"I have not been the most valiant of protectors.† Catelyn touched his arm. â€Å"We are here, Ser Rodrik, and safely. That is all that truly matters.† Her hand groped beneath her cloak, her fingers stiff and fumbling. The dagger was still at her side. She found she had to touch it now and then, to reassure herself. â€Å"Now we must reach the king’s master-at-arms, and pray that he can be trusted.† â€Å"Ser Aron Santagar is a vain man, but an honest one.† Ser Rodrik’s hand went to his face to stroke his whiskers and discovered once again that they were gone. He looked nonplussed. â€Å"He may know the blade, yes . . . but, my lady, the moment we go ashore we are at risk. And there are those at court who will know you on sight.† Catelyn’s mouth grew tight. â€Å"Littlefinger,† she murmured. His face swam up before her; a boy’s face, though he was a boy no longer. His father had died several years before, so he was Lord Baelish now, yet still they called him Littlefinger. Her brother Edmure had given him that name, long ago at Riverrun. His family’s modest holdings were on the smallest of the Fingers, and Petyr had been slight and short for his age. Ser Rodrik cleared his throat. â€Å"Lord Baelish once, ah . . . † His thought trailed off uncertainly in search of the polite word. Catelyn was past delicacy. â€Å"He was my father’s ward. We grew up together in Riverrun. I thought of him as a brother, but his feelings for me were . . . more than brotherly. When it was announced that I was to wed Brandon Stark, Petyr challenged for the right to my hand. It was madness. Brandon was twenty, Petyr scarcely fifteen. I had to beg Brandon to spare Petyr’s life. He let him off with a scar. Afterward my father sent him away. I have not seen him since.† She lifted her face to the spray, as if the brisk wind could blow the memories away. â€Å"He wrote to me at Riverrun after Brandon was killed, but I burned the letter unread. By then I knew that Ned would marry me in his brother’s place.† Ser Rodrik’s fingers fumbled once again for nonexistent whiskers. â€Å"Littlefinger sits on the small council now.† â€Å"I knew he would rise high,† Catelyn said. â€Å"He was always clever, even as a boy, but it is one thing to be clever and another to be wise. I wonder what the years have done to him.† High overhead, the far-eyes sang out from the rigging. Captain Moreo came scrambling across the deck, giving orders, and all around them the Storm Dancer burst into frenetic activity as King’s Landing slid into view atop its three high hills. You read "A Game of Thrones Chapter Eighteen" in category "Essay examples" Three hundred years ago, Catelyn knew, those heights had been covered with forest, and only a handful of fisherfolk had lived on the north shore of the Blackwater Rush where that deep, swift river flowed into the sea. Then Aegon the Conqueror had sailed from Dragonstone. It was here that his army had put ashore, and there on the highest hill that he built his first crude redoubt of wood and earth. Now the city covered the shore as far as Catelyn could see; manses and arbors and granaries, brick storehouses and timbered inns and merchant’s stalls, taverns and graveyards and brothels, all piled one on another. She could hear the clamor of the fish market even at this distance. Between the buildings were broad roads lined with trees, wandering crookback streets, and alleys so narrow that two men could not walk abreast. Visenya’s hill was crowned by the Great Sept of Baelor with its seven crystal towers. Across the city on the hill of Rhaenys stood the blackened walls of the Dragonpit, its huge dome collapsing into ruin, its bronze doors closed now for a century. The Street of the Sisters ran between them, straight as an arrow. The city walls rose in the distance, high and strong. A hundred quays lined the waterfront, and the harbor was crowded with ships. Deepwater fishing boats and river runners came and went, ferrymen poled back and forth across the Blackwater Rush, trading galleys unloaded goods from Braavos and Pentos and Lys. Catelyn spied the queen’s ornate barge, tied up beside a fat-bellied whaler from the Port of Ibben, its hull black with tar, while upriver a dozen lean golden warships rested in their cribs, sails furled and cruel iron rams lapping at the water. And above it all, frowning down from Aegon’s high hill, was the Red Keep; seven huge drum-towers crowned with iron ramparts, an immense grim barbican, vaulted halls and covered bridges, barracks and dungeons and granaries, massive curtain walls studded with archers’ nests, all fashioned of pale red stone. Aegon the Conqueror had commanded it built. His son Maegor the Cruel had seen it completed. Afterward he had taken the heads of every stonemason, woodworker, and builder who had labored on it. Only the blood of the dragon would ever know the secrets of the fortress the Dragonlords had built, he vowed. Yet now the banners that flew from its battlements were golden, not black, and where the three-headed dragon had once breathed fire, now pranced the crowned stag of House Baratheon. A high-masted swan ship from the Summer Isles was beating out from port, its white sails huge with wind. The Storm Dancer moved past it, pulling steadily for shore. â€Å"My lady,† Ser Rodrik said, â€Å"I have thought on how best to proceed while I lay abed. You must not enter the castle. I will go in your stead and bring Ser Aron to you in some safe place.† She studied the old knight as the galley drew near to a pier. Moreo was shouting in the vulgar Valyrian of the Free Cities. â€Å"You would be as much at risk as I would.† Ser Rodrik smiled. â€Å"I think not. I looked at my reflection in the water earlier and scarcely recognized myself. My mother was the last person to see me without whiskers, and she is forty years dead. I believe I am safe enough, my lady.† Moreo bellowed a command. As one, sixty oars lifted from the river, then reversed and backed water. The galley slowed. Another shout. The oars slid back inside the hull. As they thumped against the dock, Tyroshi seamen leapt down to tie up. Moreo came bustling up, all smiles. â€Å"King’s Landing, my lady, as you did command, and never has a ship made a swifter or surer passage. Will you be needing assistance to carry your things to the castle?† â€Å"We shall not be going to the castle. Perhaps you can suggest an inn, someplace clean and comfortable and not too far from the river.† The Tyroshi fingered his forked green beard. â€Å"Just so. I know of several establishments that might suit your needs. Yet first, if I may be so bold, there is the matter of the second half of the payment we agreed upon. And of course the extra silver you were so kind as to promise. Sixty stags, I believe it was.† â€Å"For the oarmen,† Catelyn reminded him. â€Å"Oh, of a certainty,† said Moreo. â€Å"Though perhaps I should hold it for them until we return to Tyrosh. For the sake of their wives and children. If you give them the silver here, my lady, they will dice it away or spend it all for a night’s pleasure.† â€Å"There are worse things to spend money on,† Ser Rodrik put in. â€Å"Winter is coming.† â€Å"A man must make his own choices,† Catelyn said. â€Å"They earned the silver. How they spend it is no concern of mine.† â€Å"As you say, my lady,† Moreo replied, bowing and smiling. Just to be sure, Catelyn paid the oarmen herself, a stag to each man, and a copper to the two men who carried their chests halfway up Visenya’s hill to the inn that Moreo had suggested. It was a rambling old place on Eel Alley. The woman who owned it was a sour crone with a wandering eye who looked them over suspiciously and bit the coin that Catelyn offered her to make sure it was real. Her rooms were large and airy, though, and Moreo swore that her fish stew was the most savory in all the Seven Kingdoms. Best of all, she had no interest in their names. â€Å"I think it best if you stay away from the common room,† Ser Rodrik said, after they had settled in. â€Å"Even in a place like this, one never knows who may be watching.† He wore ringmail, dagger, and longsword under a dark cloak with a hood he could pull up over his head. â€Å"I will be back before nightfall, with Ser Aron,† he promised. â€Å"Rest now, my lady.† Catelyn was tired. The voyage had been long and fatiguing, and she was no longer as young as she had been. Her windows opened on the alley and rooftops, with a view of the Blackwater beyond. She watched Ser Rodrik set off, striding briskly through the busy streets until he was lost in the crowds, then decided to take his advice. The bedding was stuffed with straw instead of feathers, but she had no trouble falling asleep. She woke to a pounding on her door. Catelyn sat up sharply. Outside the window, the rooftops of King’s Landing were red in the light of the setting sun. She had slept longer than she intended. A fist hammered at her door again, and a voice called out, â€Å"Open, in the name of the king.† â€Å"A moment,† she called out. She wrapped herself in her cloak. The dagger was on the bedside table. She snatched it up before she unlatched the heavy wooden door. The men who pushed into the room wore the black ringmail and golden cloaks of the City Watch. Their leader smiled at the dagger in her hand and said, â€Å"No need for that, m’lady. We’re to escort you to the castle.† â€Å"By whose authority?† she said. He showed her a ribbon. Catelyn felt her breath catch in her throat. The seal was a mockingbird, in grey wax. â€Å"Petyr,† she said. So soon. Something must have happened to Ser Rodrik. She looked at the head guardsman. â€Å"Do you know who I am?† â€Å"No, m’lady,† he said. â€Å"M’lord Littlefinger said only to bring you to him, and see that you were not mistreated.† Catelyn nodded. â€Å"You may wait outside while I dress.† She bathed her hands in the basin and wrapped them in clean linen. Her fingers were thick and awkward as she struggled to lace up her bodice and knot a drab brown cloak about her neck. How could Littlefinger have known she was here? Ser Rodrik would never have told him. Old he might be, but he was stubborn, and loyal to a fault. Were they too late, had the Lannisters reached King’s Landing before her? No, if that were true, Ned would be here too, and surely he would have come to her. How . . . ? Then she thought, Moreo. The Tyroshi knew who they were and where they were, damn him. She hoped he’d gotten a good price for the information. They had brought a horse for her. The lamps were being lit along the streets as they set out, and Catelyn felt the eyes of the city on her as she rode, surrounded by the guard in their golden cloaks. When they reached the Red Keep, the portcullis was down and the great gates sealed for the night, but the castle windows were alive with flickering lights. The guardsmen left their mounts outside the walls and escorted her through a narrow postern door, then up endless steps to a tower. He was alone in the room, seated at a heavy wooden table, an oil lamp beside him as he wrote. When they ushered her inside, he set down his pen and looked at her. â€Å"Cat,† he said quietly. â€Å"Why have I been brought here in this fashion?† He rose and gestured brusquely to the guards. â€Å"Leave us.† The men departed. â€Å"You were not mistreated, I trust,† he said after they had gone. â€Å"I gave firm instructions.† He noticed her bandages. â€Å"Your hands . . . â€Å" Catelyn ignored the implied question. â€Å"I am not accustomed to being summoned like a serving wench,† she said icily. â€Å"As a boy, you still knew the meaning of courtesy.† â€Å"I’ve angered you, my lady. That was never my intent.† He looked contrite. The look brought back vivid memories for Catelyn. He had been a sly child, but after his mischiefs he always looked contrite; it was a gift he had. The years had not changed him much. Petyr had been a small boy, and he had grown into a small man, an inch or two shorter than Catelyn, slender and quick, with the sharp features she remembered and the same laughing grey-green eyes. He had a little pointed chin beard now, and threads of silver in his dark hair, though he was still shy of thirty. They went well with the silver mockingbird that fastened his cloak. Even as a child, he had always loved his silver. â€Å"How did you know I was in the city?† she asked him. â€Å"Lord Varys knows all,† Petyr said with a sly smile. â€Å"He will be joining us shortly, but I wanted to see you alone first. It has been too long, Cat. How many years?† Catelyn ignored his familiarity. There were more important questions. â€Å"So it was the King’s Spider who found me.† Littlefinger winced. â€Å"You don’t want to call him that. He’s very sensitive. Comes of being an eunuch, I imagine. Nothing happens in this city without Varys knowing. Oftimes he knows about it before it happens. He has informants everywhere. His little birds, he calls them. One of his little birds heard about your visit. Thankfully, Varys came to me first.† â€Å"Why you?† He shrugged. â€Å"Why not me? I am master of coin, the king’s own councillor. Selmy and Lord Renly rode north to meet Robert, and Lord Stannis is gone to Dragonstone, leaving only Maester Pycelle and me. I was the obvious choice. I was ever a friend to your sister Lysa, Varys knows that.† â€Å"Does Varys know about . . . â€Å" â€Å"Lord Varys knows everything . . . except why you are here.† He lifted an eyebrow. â€Å"Why are you here?† â€Å"A wife is allowed to yearn for her husband, and if a mother needs her daughters close, who can tell her no?† Littlefinger laughed. â€Å"Oh, very good, my lady, but please don’t expect me to believe that. I know you too well. What were the Tully words again?† Her throat was dry. â€Å"Family, Duty, Honor,† she recited stiffly. He did know her too well. â€Å"Family, Duty, Honor,† he echoed. â€Å"All of which required you to remain in Winterfell, where our Hand left you. No, my lady, something has happened. This sudden trip of yours bespeaks a certain urgency. I beg of you, let me help. Old sweet friends should never hesitate to rely upon each other.† There was a soft knock on the door. â€Å"Enter,† Littlefinger called out. The man who stepped through the door was plump, perfumed, powdered, and as hairless as an egg. He wore a vest of woven gold thread over a loose gown of purple silk, and on his feet were pointed slippers of soft velvet. â€Å"Lady Stark,† he said, taking her hand in both of his, â€Å"to see you again after so many years is such a joy.† His flesh was soft and moist, and his breath smelled of lilacs. â€Å"Oh, your poor hands. Have you burned yourself, sweet lady? The fingers are so delicate . . . Our good Maester Pycelle makes a marvelous salve, shall I send for a jar?† Catelyn slid her fingers from his grasp. â€Å"I thank you, my lord, but my own Maester Luwin has already seen to my hurts.† Varys bobbed his head. â€Å"I was grievous sad to hear about your son. And him so young. The gods are cruel.† â€Å"On that we agree, Lord Varys,† she said. The title was but a courtesy due him as a council member; Varys was lord of nothing but the spiderweb, the master of none but his whisperers. The eunuch spread his soft hands. â€Å"On more than that, I hope, sweet lady. I have great esteem for your husband, our new Hand, and I know we do both love King Robert.† â€Å"Yes,† she was forced to say. â€Å"For a certainty.† â€Å"Never has a king been so beloved as our Robert,† quipped Littlefinger. He smiled slyly. â€Å"At least in Lord Varys’s hearing.† â€Å"Good lady,† Varys said with great solicitude. â€Å"There are men in the Free Cities with wondrous healing powers. Say only the word, and I will send for one for your dear Bran.† â€Å"Maester Luwin is doing all that can be done for Bran,† she told him. She would not speak of Bran, not here, not with these men. She trusted Littlefinger only a little, and Varys not at all. She would not let them see her grief. â€Å"Lord Baelish tells me that I have you to thank for bringing me here.† Varys giggled like a little girl. â€Å"Oh, yes. I suppose I am guilty. I hope you forgive me, kind lady.† He eased himself down into a seat and put his hands together. â€Å"I wonder if we might trouble you to show us the dagger?† Catelyn Stark stared at the eunuch in stunned disbelief. He was a spider, she thought wildly, an enchanter or worse. He knew things no one could possibly know, unless . . . â€Å"What have you done to Ser Rodrik?† she demanded. Littlefinger was lost. â€Å"I feel rather like the knight who arrives at the battle without his lance. What dagger are we talking about? Who is Ser Rodrik?† â€Å"Ser Rodrik Cassel is master-at-arms at Winterfell,† Varys informed him. â€Å"I assure you, Lady Stark, nothing at all has been done to the good knight. He did call here early this afternoon. He visited with Ser Aron Santagar in the armory, and they talked of a certain dagger. About sunset, they left the castle together and walked to that dreadful hovel where you were staying. They are still there, drinking in the common room, waiting for your return. Ser Rodrik was very distressed to find you gone.† â€Å"How could you know all that?† â€Å"The whisperings of little birds,† Varys said, smiling. â€Å"I know things, sweet lady. That is the nature of my service.† He shrugged. â€Å"You do have the dagger with you, yes?† Catelyn pulled it out from beneath her cloak and threw it down on the table in front of him. â€Å"Here. Perhaps your little birds will whisper the name of the man it belongs to.† Varys lifted the knife with exaggerated delicacy and ran a thumb along its edge. Blood welled, and he let out a squeal and dropped the dagger back on the table. â€Å"Careful,† Catelyn told him, â€Å"it’s sharp.† â€Å"Nothing holds an edge like Valyrian steel,† Littlefinger said as Varys sucked at his bleeding thumb and looked at Catelyn with sullen admonition. Littlefinger hefted the knife lightly in his hand, testing the grip. He flipped it in the air, caught it again with his other hand. â€Å"Such sweet balance. You want to find the owner, is that the reason for this visit? You have no need of Ser Aron for that, my lady. You should have come to me.† â€Å"And if I had,† she said, â€Å"what would you have told me?† â€Å"I would have told you that there was only one knife like this at King’s Landing.† He grasped the blade between thumb and forefinger, drew it back over his shoulder, and threw it across the room with a practiced flick of his wrist. It struck the door and buried itself deep in the oak, quivering. â€Å"It’s mine.† â€Å"Yours?† It made no sense. Petyr had not been at Winterfell. â€Å"Until the tourney on Prince Joffrey’s name day,† he said, crossing the room to wrench the dagger from the wood. â€Å"I backed Ser Jaime in the jousting, along with half the court.† Petyr’s sheepish grin made him look half a boy again. â€Å"When Loras Tyrell unhorsed him, many of us became a trifle poorer. Ser Jaime lost a hundred golden dragons, the queen lost an emerald pendant, and I lost my knife. Her Grace got the emerald back, but the winner kept the rest.† â€Å"Who?† Catelyn demanded, her mouth dry with fear. Her fingers ached with remembered pain. â€Å"The Imp,† said Littlefinger as Lord Varys watched her face. â€Å"Tyrion Lannister.† How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Eighteen, Essay examples

Contemporary Accounting Issue Research Business Project Environment

Question: Describe about the Contemporary Accounting Issue Research for Business Project Environment. Answer: Introduction If the operations of a business organization cause uncontrolled damage to the environment, then it would adversely affect the survival of other human beings. For example business activities leading to rash falling of trees or wastage of energy or pollution would harm the interests of society as a whole. Moreover business organizations need to treat their employees and customers fairly. It is due to these reasons the topic that has been chosen for research is environmental and social reporting by companies. More specifically research is being done to find out why many companies do not produce sustainability reports (Research Gate, 2016). This research is linked with many theories and the theory that stands out most is the stakeholder theory that gives that companies produce sustainability reports because they feel or are held accountable to the different stakeholders. Practical motivation The reporting by a company of its social and environmental performance is important for different stakeholders like shareholders, employees, potential investors and also general public. So the issue that many companies do not produce sustainability reports becomes significant and the reasons why these organizations do not disclose such reports need to be investigated into. Many resources are limited and need to be used responsibly. As the business organization is part of the system it would also suffer from its rash behavior in the long run. The management of the business enterprise would also like to know the environmental risks facing the organization. The investors would like to know how responsible the company is regarding sustainability issues. All these entities can get such needed information in the sustainability report (Probonoaustralia.com.au, 2016). Theoretical motivation Although there is lot of concern among people regarding the environmental and social costs that society has to pay as a result of operations of business organizations, this has still not resulted in companies producing sustainability reports which give also give an indication about the seriousness with which these organizations treat these issues and their commitment towards environment protection. This research would find real reasons why companies are not producing such reports. Some reasons for such behavior have been found in earlier researches. These reasons would be more thoroughly analyzed in the current research project. Moreover the areas which have been inadequately researched like what should be specific disclosures in sustainability reports by companies would be looked into in the current research (Probonoaustralia.com.au, 2016). In addition ways in which the present laws and regulation of sustainability reporting by companies can be strengthened would be found out. Literature review According to Stubbs, Higgins and Milne, (2013) there are many Australian companies which do not do sustainability reporting and there are various underlying reasons for this. The pressures from various stakeholders have increased on management of companies over the years to provide sustainability reports. But still whether a company reports on sustainability of its operations is determined by many internal factors like its size, organizational culture, the industry the firm belongs to, its organizational structure etc. The firms which are relatively bigger in size with progressive outlook and employees specifically looking after sustainability issues report more. There is more sustainability reporting in industries like mining and energy where people are more concerned about the impact of such firms on environment. Many firms do not report because they consider it to be something noble but not a necessity. So there is need for more pressures from different stakeholders and more clear laws relating to environment protection and disclosures regarding the sustainability. According to Ameer and Othman, (2012) who carried out a study, the companies which have adopted more ethical practices and take steps for minimizing adverse effects on environment through their operations are more profitable. In other words being socially responsible has improved their financial performance. These results show that there is need to make companies and people more aware that being socially responsible is for the benefit for business organizations also in monetary terms. Thus business organizations should not only be socially responsible, but should also report about their social performance. According to Hahn and Kiihnen, (2013), there are several factors that determine whether the firms publish sustainability reports or not. The above mentioned individuals argue that sustainability reporting is linked to an extent to legitimacy and stakeholder theories. The companies feel the need to justify their actions affecting environment through sustainability reports. But government should pay more attention to make and implement laws clearly defining the extent of sustainability disclosures to be made by companies. There is need for more stakeholder awareness and pressures in this regard. According to Aceitimo, Ariza and Sanchez, (2012) the extent of integrated sustainability and financial reporting depends on many factors like the size of a company and degree of competition in the industry. A large company is more visible and has more political and public pressures to disclose sustainability reports. Moreover it needs large funds and has investor pressures and it wants to give a positive signal by such disclosures. If there is more competition in industry, the firms would be reluctant to make sustainability disclosures in fear of harming their competitive positions. According to Rao, Tilt and Lester, (2012) the degree and quality of corporate governance in a company is directly related to its environmental reporting. If there are larger number of independent directors in a company there are more chances the firm would disclose adequate information relating to its operations affecting the environment. Thus the government and other regulatory authorities should strengthen corporate governance requirements. Many companies with relatively lesser corporate governance mechanisms do not do sufficient environmental reporting. Hypothesis The available literature which has been analyzed above points to different reasons which have prompted companies to produce sustainability reports over the years like its size and nature of industry the firm belongs to. But still it is the pressures from stakeholders like shareholders and public which has resulted in more disclosures by companies. But the laws relating to sustainability reporting by companies still do not impose many obligations on companies in this regard. Left to themselves, most companies would not produce sustainability reports. These are the reasons why the following hypothesis has been suggested which would be tested during the research process (Zikmund et al., 2013). The hypothesis that has been taken in the research is that inadequate laws and insufficient stakeholder pressures are the primary reasons for many companies not producing sustainability reports. The theory that relates to the above hypothesis is the stakeholder theory. This theory proposes that the reason for companies making disclosures regarding their sustainability performance is that they are accountable to different stakeholder for their actions. Different stakeholders care for environmental and social issues and use their powerful position to put pressure on the management of company to make such disclosures. Research method In this research both primary and secondary data would be collected. Questionnaires would be distributed among different stakeholders of ten companies (Zikmund et al., 2013). These stakeholders would consist of shareholders, managers, customers, suppliers and government officials. The questionnaires would be sent to ten stakeholders of each company. The questionnaire would consist of close ended and open ended questions to find information about how well informed these persons are about environmental and social issues, whether they are aware of sustainability reporting by companies and if they are satisfied with the level of information disclosed by companies in this regard and if their business decisions are influenced by the degree and quality of reporting by companies on their performance relating to environmental and social issues. Further there would be questions like if they have taken any measures to put pressure on the companies to produce adequate sustainability reports. The responses of different stakeholders in the sample would be analyzed (Zikmund et al., 2013). The data would be assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. This would reveal the extent of awareness and response of different stakeholders in the sample regarding sustainability reporting by companies. In addition to the primary data, secondary data would be collected in the form of government reports, journal articles, and newspaper articles to find out about the current laws that are in place regarding disclosure of reports by companies relating to their environmental and social performance and the views of people regarding them (The Conversation, 2016). The analysis of data collected from primary and secondary resources would help to arrive at the conclusion whether the above mentioned hypothesis is correct or not. Conclusion There has been an increasing awareness about environmental and social issues among people in the last few decades. Business organizations have helped to bring economic prosperity to people by creating employment and quality products. But as incomes of people have risen, they have beginning to care more about other issues which affect their survival and quality of life. There has been spread of information and people have become more aware about how the business organizations carry out their operations and how their actions are affecting environment and working conditions of people. This is the reason why there has been more pressure on companies to produce sustainability reports. But this pressure does not seem to be adequate as many organizations still do not report on sustainability performance. Therefore the role of government becomes very important as it has the power to make laws. As in most countries there is democracy the people can influence what kind of laws are made (The Co nversation, 2016). Moreover investors in companies also yield considerable power. There is need for these stakeholders to realize the importance of sustainability reporting. References Aceitimo, J. , Ariza, L. and Sanchez, I. (2012) Explanatory Factors of Integrated Sustainability and Financial Reporting, Business Strategy And Environment, 23(1), pp. 56-72, [Online]. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bse.1765/full (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Ameer, R. and Othman, R. (2012). Sustainability Practices And Corporate Financial Performance: A Study Based On The Top Global Corporations,Journal of Business Ethics,108(1), pp.61-79, [Online]. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-011-1063-y (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Hahn, R. and Khnen, M. (2013). Determinants Of Sustainability Reporting: A Review Of Results, Trends, Theory, And Opportunities In An Expanding Field Of research,Journal of Cleaner Production,59, pp.5-21, [Online]. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652613004654! (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Probonoaustralia.com.au (2016) Reporting For Reportings Sake? Sustainability Reporting In Australia. Available at: https://probonoaustralia.com.au/news/2015/05/reporting-for-reportings-sake-sustainability-reporting-in-australia/ (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Rao, K., Tilt, C. and Lester, L. (2012) Corporate Governance And Environmental Reporting: An Australian Study,Corporate Governance: The International Journal Of Business In Society,12(2), pp.143-163. Available at: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14720701211214052 (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Research Gate (2016) Why Do Companies Not Produce Sustainability Reports. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263145763_Why_Do_Companies_Not_Produce_Sustainability_Reports (Accessed: 10 October, 2016). Stubbs, W., Higgins, C. and Milne, M. (2013). Why Do Companies Not Produce Sustainability Reports?,Business Strategy And The Environment, 22(7), pp.456-470, [Online].Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bse.1756/full (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). The Conversation (2016) New ASX Guidelines To Force Sustainability Reporting. Available at: https://theconversation.com/new-asx-guidelines-to-force-sustainability-reporting-24885 (Accessed: 8 October, 2016). Wiley Online Library (2016) Explanatory Factors of Integrated Sustainability and Financial Reporting. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bse.1765/pdf (Accessed: 10 October, 2016). Zikmund, W. , Babin, B. , Carr, J. and Griffin, M. (2013) Business Research Methods. 9th (edn.) Australia : South Western Cengage Learning.

When You Listen To A Piece Of Music You Usually Dont Think Of Math, B

When you listen to a piece of music you usually don't think of math, but the two are interlinked and music always involves math even though we don't always realize it. When musicians play music they are using mathematical formulas to play. There are formulas for making cords, scales and a formula for the what notes they play. Musical notation also involves math, you use time signatures while playing along to a piece of music which are basically just fractions, 3/4,7/4, and 4/4 are all time signatures. the bottom number in the fraction gives you the type of note to be played and the top gives you the amount of times it is played. There are five basic types of notes to be played in music, the sixteenth note, the eighth note, the quarter note, the half note, and the whole note. For each of these notes you divide the previous note by two. The sixteenth note is divided into two which gives us eight, the eight into four, and so on (see chart). The easiest note to start with is the whole note there is one beat per measure of a song, for the half there is two beats per measure, and so on until there is sixteen beats per measure. (www.tabcrawler.com) Guitar chords are also made using a formula, first you get the scale of the type of cord you are trying to form, for example lets say c-major the formula for making a major cord would be tone, tone, semi-tone, which would mean the first note in the scale, the fourth, and the seventh. This is how most musicians make a cord. The first note in the scale is always a full tone as is the last this is because this is two octaves apart and they are the root notes. (guitar player, June 1996) There are twelve tones in an octave ex. C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, B. A full octave would have another C at the end but it is the same pitch as the first C except an octave higher so it is usually left out. Ancient Greeks came up with this method, they said in an octave each note was an integer multiple of the first. There is not a perfect octave however it is always a couple of numbers off the original frequency. log3/log2= continued fraction[1,1,1,2,2,3,1,5,2,23,...], is the best fraction to get closest to the perfect octave. if we take the notes frequencies, and build fifths we get pretty accurate to a perfect octave. Twelve is by far the easiest number to get closest to a perfect octave which is why there are twelve tones in an octave. A whole tone is usually from one whole note to the other or one # note to the other except on tow occasions: b-c and e-f there is no # note in between those notes so from b-c and e-f is a whole tone but anywhere else it is three notes ex . a-a#-b (www.classic-guitar.com) Math is also very important while making a guitar. A normal guitar usually contains 21 frets, the spaces in between the frets is usually found by getting the total length of the neck, and then using the rule of 18 which is 17.835. You divide the length of the neck by this number and this gives you the length of the first fret. Then you subtract the length of the first fret from the total neck length and then divide the length by 17.835. You do this until you have the full neck fretted Bibliography Bibliography: www.tabcrawler.com, good place for guitar theory www.classic-guitar.com, good place for time signature Book: Drum Basics, good source for musical notation] Guitar Theory, good book for musical theory

The Power To Change Yourself essays

The Power To Change Yourself essays We have seen insight from different writers showing that all people have the ability to create his or her own person. Environmental factors play a huge role in the creation of a person, but the mental predisposition is the primary cause for who we become. It does not matter if individuals are surrounded by constant negativity and adversity, because they still have the choice to fall into conformity or stand up for themselves. We have witnessed the different outcomes as a result of strong determination in Fredrick Douglass and weaker determination in Frankenstein. Douglass and Frankensteins monster were very different people from different times, but they both had the same chance to work with their given opportunities and choose the path their life would follow. Cause and effect are highly predominant in certain situations, but people always have the option to become who they truly want to be. Fredrick Douglasss birth was considered insignificant, except to begin his live as a slave. Douglass was birthed by an African slave woman, who had been impregnated by a Caucasian slave master (most likely), whose identity remained unknown. He was then torn from his mother in order to hinder the development of the childs affection toward its mother, and to blunt and destroy the natural affection of the mother for the child (13). Douglass was denied the emotional support found within a family and was left to raise himself. The birth of Frankensteins monster, however, was a huge event, that marked the advancement of science and technology. He was made out of the sheer passion for science, yet was quickly abandoned by his own maker. Like Douglass, the monster was also denied any emotional connections and was left to experience the new world on his own. Both Douglass and the monster had difficult beginnings into the world with little or no foundation as to why th...

Critically contrast the behaviourist approach to psychology with the Essay

Critically contrast the behaviourist approach to psychology with the cognitive approach. You should refer to primary sources w - Essay Example Along with some similarities, there are fundamental contrasts of the behavioral and the cognitive approaches to psychology. First of all, both psychological schools follow different points of view as for the subject of psychological science. Behaviorists consider person’s behavior,  reflected in  the available  objective  observation of  physical processes, as  the only subject of  psychology.  Ã‚   Mental processes, as factors influencing behavior, are not taken into consideration by the behavioral concept. Hempel (1949), for example, claims that â€Å"all psychological statements †¦ are translatable into statements that do not involve psychological concepts,† but only concepts for physical behavior (p. 18). The behavioral theory assumes that after birth all human beings are similar. Thus, the formation of personality is greatly related to the surrounding environment, which is to shape and bring up a future individual. â€Å"Give me a dozen health y infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select†. (John Watson, 1930, p. ... avior, cognitive psychology focuses on internal considerations such as patterns of thoughts, obsessive preoccupations, or the manifest content of one's  dreams. The cognitive approach views the processes of thinking and cognition as the determinant of human behavior. Cognition is the act or process of knowing. It refers to the mental processes of an individual and includes attention, perception, memory, reasoning, judgment, imaging, thinking, and speech. Cognitive psychology states that human behavior is not merely the product of interaction with outward reality. It explicitly acknowledges the existence of internal mental states (such as  belief,  desire  and  motivation), â€Å"Not stimuli and responses, not overtly observable behavior, not biological drives and their transformation, but meaning†¦by adding a little  mentalism  to it.   It focused on the symbolic activities that human beings employed in constructing and making sense not only of the world, but of themselves.† (Jerome Bruner, 1990, p.  2) The cognitive  approach spread  also  to  the study  of emotional and   motivational  areas of  personality. In fact, the behavioral approach is based on the mechanistic materialism, considering human consciousness as an artificial analogue of religious notion of ‘soul’ or ‘spirit’, and it is absolutely rejected by behaviorists. Mental processes also seem mostly as some concomitant inner factors, which are not included in the causal relationships between an individual and actuality.   Only in the world of physical phenomena there are causal links, through which one of the events serves as a reason for another one, being its consequence.  From this point of view, the relationship of stimulus and response (S - R) is accepted as the basic mechanism of the

Leadership and governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership and governance - Essay Example Since the leaders tend to build a group of followers as they set their ideologies, the paper also looks at the characteristics of followers and what their role should be in ensuring that they participate in the organizations’ governance and aide in the achievement of the set goals. The actions of the leaders in governing the organization will mean the difference between the success and the failure of the organization. Due to this fact, the characteristics of good leaders and the management skills that should be applied in governance have been addressed in the paper. The roles f different people in an organization have been discussed in the paper. Among those include the role of executives, managers and other leaders in the organizations. Some of their roles overlap like overseeing the general performance of the organization. Their different roles will therefore be explained in details and what is expected from them both by their subordinates and the organization. Leaders have the responsibility to ensure that an organization succeeds in achieving oits set goals and follow the plans that have been put underway. This paper addresses the relationship between leadership and governance and the roles of different people in an organization in trying to achieve the goals set by the organization. The people in leadership positions have more than a responsibility to lead the organization. They are the role models who set the pace for all the other workers in the organization and help to show them the vision of the organization and strategies that should be used to actualize the vision. This is done by practicing good governance and setting up plans and strategies that can be actualized. The leaders have the role of uniting and motivating the workers in an organization. If they fail in this fundamental role then that could mean the failure of the whole organization in

Difficulties Children face Transitioning into Post-Secondary Essay

Difficulties Children face Transitioning into Post-Secondary Environments - Essay Example Pressure and inability to change behavior patterns become the main problem for children with emotional or behavioral disorders. A purely vocational approach does little toward enlightening the student to the enduring issues and great ideas of human civilization. It offers virtually nothing to awaken the student to his or her own unique potentialities as a human being. Furthermore, it is not essentially aimed at stirring a consciousness of social duty and religious service. another problem is that the majority of these children have low self-esteem (Nichols, 2000). Self-esteem has to do with the regard that one assigns to the attributes that comprise the self-concept. Self-esteem has to do with prizing oneself, and valuing (in the sense of worthiness) oneself. Self-esteem can be high or low: one can have a high or low opinion of himself. High and low self-esteem relates closely to good and bad self-concept (Christian, 2002).  Pressure and inability to change behavior patterns become the main problem for children with emotional or behavioral disorders. A purely vocational approach does little toward enlightening the student to the enduring issues and great ideas of human civilization. It offers virtually nothing to awaken the student to his or her own unique potentialities as a human being. Furthermore, it is not essentially aimed at stirring a consciousness of social duty and religious service. another problem is that the majority of these children have low self-esteem (Nichols, 2000). Self-esteem has to do with the regard that one assigns to the attributes that comprise the self-concept. Self-esteem has to do with prizing oneself, and valuing (in the sense of worthiness) oneself. Self-esteem can be high or low: one can have a high or low opinion of himself. High and low self-esteem relates closely to good and bad self-concept (Christian, 2002).   Lack of support and guidance from adults is also a problem for some children with emotional and behavior disorde rs. The focus is on the thing that he interacts with, and not on all that is going on in the world as the evening news defines it. The post-secondary ed environment is becoming more and more an experience in alienation (Nichols, 2000). The second added element over simple self-awareness allows the critically aware individual to clearly understand, it is another judgment) both what is "out there"--his world-and "in here"--inside himself--and gives him insight into how these two worlds interrelate (Nichols, 2000). The critically aware individual is "on to" how the external environment influences him, as well as how his existence and activities have an impact on this outer context. Each of the children has a reciprocal relationship with world; they shape it, and it shapes them. To be critically aware, therefore, is to know how that process of exchange operates in their lives (Kyriacon, 1997).  

The Definition And Explanation Of Branding Marketing Essay

The Definition And Explanation Of Branding Marketing Essay This essay is about how graphics is able to change the consumers perception about a brands identity. This document summarises how the graphics of the brand is able to create an identity for the brand. The shift from simple products to brands has not been sudden or inevitable. You could argue that it grew out of the standardisation of quality products for consumers in the middle of the 20th century, which required companies to find new ways to differentiate themselves from the competitors. This type of standardisation forced companies to find new ways of distinguishing themselves. Brands such as Chanel have built a contract between the company and the consumer; in fact, the consumer has now become the judge. If the consumer feels that the brand is not for them, they will immediately chose to end the contract with the brand. 1.2 Aim To understand how brands use graphics to entice the consumer. What graphical elements are used to bring in the consumer to the brand? The brands graphics is more than just a logo, or the price of a product, service or organisation, it is also the packaging, the promotions and the advertising, all of which is guided by precisely worded positioning. In advertising, reason informs, but emotion persuades (2011). 1.3 Objectives To identify what branding is perceived as To research the different perspectives of designers, artists and writers in branding To research and understand the graphics in Chanel and Primark To reflect on Primark and Chanel graphics branding and the consumers perceptions 2. Introduction This Chapter was based on the initial research about branding in order to understand what branding does, how it is perceived and understood, thus helping to better understand the basic need of branding and how this is then incorporated into the graphical element of branding. 2.1 The definition and explanation of branding A brand is a persons gut feeling about a product, service or organization. Riston (2004:21) suggested that a brand is not just a logo, an identity or a service. The product is not of existence until the consumer gives it a place in their world of products around him or her. A brands success counts on the individual, not on companies, markets or the public. When the word success is used, it refers to how much the brand is valued by its consumers. What is a gut feeling? Because people are emotional beings, to understand an emotion a person has to feel the emotion, therefore the emotion dictates the gut feeling. In a positive case, a person will feel an emotional bond in their mind. Kotler and Keller (2006:275) assert the importance of understanding how we consumers perceive the brand and what impact a brand identity has on consumer perceptions. One could argue that these ideas relate to brand image, which refer to a brands subjective or perceived attributes. A consumers perception of a brand is vital on how the brand is generally perceived. The image of the brand however is not judged by the product, service or organisation. An experience is the meaning the brand has. Think of the brand as the core meaning of the modern corporation, and of the advertisement as one vehicle used to convey that meaning to the world. (Klein: 2010:5) Naomi Klein refers to the theory of branding as a meaning she says that a brand is a meaning. Klein (2010:6) states that ads where put in place to manipulate the buyer/user to thinking that their lives will be incomplete without their product, service or organization. She says we buy brands, not products. For example, mobiles instead of mail, television instead of the radio, light bulbs instead of oil lamps and so on. Being innovative is not enough; you need a strong advertising method to accomplish a successful brand. Advertisements need to be strong enough to create a bond with the public. Advertising becomes the bridge between the public and the product. Advertising plays a very big part in how the consumer visualises the brand. 2.2 The graphics in branding Why isnt a brand just product? Because a product is made in the factory and a brand is a meaning, made in the mind of a human being, this is why when we combine the product and the brand we are able visualise a sense of emotion but communicate the idea through the media of graphic design (Gavin Ambrose: 5:2006) Ken smith, Sandra Moriarty, Gretchen Barbatsis and Keith Kenney attempt to identify and describe the field of visual communication (2005:10). One of the most important pieces of the visual communication puzzle is aesthetics. The nature and beauty of aesthetics are a language in itself, they question how it is so meaningful to the human eye is mystery. It is suggested that, because of the nonverbal nature of aesthetics, what can be written is only speculation about the nature of visual aesthetics and cannot therefore be of visual aesthetics itself. Malcolm Barnard also questions whether this type of communication can classed as nonverbal (2002:29). Barnard states that the importance of the transmission process, if the messenger does not receive the message that it was trying to portray, then a part of the communication process may have failed in either its medium, or delivery method. The aesthetics of graphics maybe seen as a voice of its own, graphics plays an important role in a bra nds identity. Kevin Budelmann, Yang Kim, Curt Wozniak (2010:7) discuss how a brand is made up of different elements. It is just not the logo the makes the brand. The brand is built from the colour of the envelope the companies distribute to the song that plays whilst customers wait on the telephone. Gavin Ambrose, Paul Harris (2010:10) has raised- you need to get someone to check the grammar and spelling awareness of how the packaging of a brand is important. For many brands the first interaction a consumer has with a brand is the package. Paul Harris (2010: 10) talks about how the feel of the brand gives to the consumer is a secondary interaction. The primary interaction is visual interaction and is the first connection a consumer has with the brand. What does this mean and who said it? Does it need a reference? One may argue that packaging is not only a part of the brand but it is a part of the overall graphic communication. The brain recognises shapes first then colour which helps trigger emotion. Although its easily said, the requirement of the right colour is necessary. Why? Because being selective helps build awareness and expresses individuality. Line, colour, tone, text and layout are what visual communication is all about. We need this method to distinguish a personality of style. Without it we are black and white. Colours represent a mood. In 1923 Kandinsky proposed that there was a universal relationship between three basic shapes and the three primary colours (shown below in figure 1). He believed that the colour yellow and the shape of the triangle to be the most dynamic and active through to the passive cold blue circle. (Gavin Ambrose: 2006:15) Even though the human has not discovered all the colours possible we are able to relate a colour to an emotion, brand or company. Just as a country has a flag to represent its self, we are only able to understand which country it belongs to by the colour or the logo. Red and white is common them present in many of the top brands around the world. When the grocer first went on sale in January 1862 (2012), there was no Coca-Cola. There was no Cadbury, no Heinz, and No Hovis. Many of the brands we know today, love or hate them, use them daily without thought or pointedly avoid, were not. Coca-Cola is one of the biggest world providers. They have the most successful branded value in the global branding industry. Consider for instance a can of coke-a-cola: means are to hold the liquid. Whereas coca cola (brand) holds a set of values related to the product. If separate, the brand from the package you are left with a mental container, a set of fonts, colour and graphics. These together crea te a brand thus giving the brand value. (Gavin Ambrose, Paul Harris: 2010:14) Advertisers Chris Creative Legacy Agency (CLA) believes the core essences for branding is the brand recognition. Without in-depth branding, your company gets no direction, what matters is how you get the customer engage. He believes that the brand needs to build a curiosity and an experience. Connecting the consumer with an experience is what builds the brands recognition. Brand does not have a real definition. The importance of having a brand is delivering the core message. Using different market material and communication and the way you present yourself will help bring the foundation of a structured brand. people are also rational beings why dont you mention branding as a rational solution to a problem? branding as a solution to the problem of how we give meaning to products and companies? (EXPAND) 2.3 Brand identity Rita Clifton (2009: 34) peruses the ideology of brand measurement by power. Brand valuation is an attempt to attribute part of the total value of a firm brand. Nevertheless, brand equity- Especially for brands like Microsoft or Google as opposed to a product, such as Chanel or Primark is like a reputation (it cannot be brought or sold). A brand identity builds and creates awareness for a business. When an individual has trust in a brand they help the buyer to create strong loyalties, dedication and meaningful relations. A brands value is dependent on reliability and delightfulness the brand is able to deliver. This sort of status cannot be sold, where as a trademark can be sold. The importance of economic value is also a perspective that some may argue has an impact of how a brand is perceived by the consumer. Rita Clifton (2009:17) talks how there are far more interest in the brands recognition than there was ten years ago. But there is still an ignorance and misunderstanding of ma ny of the issues. Without the value the brand will not be successful. Jan Lindeman in chapter three of the book brands in branding, talks about how the market value has quadrupled from less than twenty-per cent in 1975 to eighty per cent in 2005. Marty (2006:8) agrees that our society has moved from mass production to an economy of mass customization. Our purchasing choice has multiplied. Another example is Cadburys chocolate, without its branding logo, colour it is just a chocolate bar. The foiled packaging alone would keep the chocolate bar fresh but would result in half of the branded value that Cadburys chocolate has with its packaging Similarly Marty explains how on one side of the business you have your analytic, linear, logical thinking. On the other side the creative thinkers who like to see things emotionally that are intuitive. Marty (2006:20) puts his view on how the best brands are created when a strategic side and supported by the creative. When people start to believe there is no substitute for a brand that is when you know the brand is desirable. On the other had when you compare a product, service or organisation to another you understand that the product, organisation or service you have brought into, can be substituted by another brand. Charismatic brands such as Chanel have successfully created trust and social statuses within peoples minds. The meaning is constructed and communicated by the designer and communicated through the clothing to then conduct the message to the consumers. Likewise another brand which has also created a meaning in their consumers beliefs is the brand Primark. Apple has been able to use the power of fashion and trend to their advantage. Bill Halal (2011) explains how Steve Jobs is a genius at minimalist designs that integrate technology breakthroughs to fill a newly emerging need with unusual style. He thinks success requires listening to the technology in order to discover the potential products waiting to be invented. Any brand can be charismatic but you have to be different to the rest of the competition out there. Otherwise your brain will just filter though, and your brand will become just another brand. In an article written by Mathew Jones (2007) the scientific researcher, writes about explains that all behavioural episodes occur in a distinct spatial context: where we are, has a profound effect on what we do, particularly if we associate the place with a specific event or stimulus. Our brains function so we can spot the difference but also spot the obvious. Through the lifespans of humans, we have gone to many stages of discovering , featuring, experiencing and now identifying what is different. 3. The market Perry Marashal (2006:1) Google can bring thousands of visitors to your website twenty-four hours a day, 7 days a week, or the entire year. Whether eating breakfast, on the go, taking a phone call or daydreaming. The market is now all about creating tribes. People join different tribes for different activities; this helps them to be accepted in a particular social group. These particular groups have been created to separate personalities. A person who likes to read may always turn to amazon. A person who buys electronics may always turn to apple. To be different you have to be focused and create a vivid image aimed at your target audience. The questions a brand must ask of it are: who or what it is and why it is the way it is. So Chanel we all know is a fashion brand that is a successful brand because of the unique user experience it provides. It has become loyal to customers through time. A brand is more successful when it is able to think long term and retain its focus in the brand not the amount of profit. Listening to the brand is important not to the market. Short term profit is not what creates a brands value. The value grows when long term focus is in place. A basic brand model either is the company selling many items, or a company selling to companies to max publicity. A brand is like architecture. It requires logic and beauty to be the best of the best. Nor can a brand be valued if it does not have networks!?!!!?!?!?!?!?! (WHAT DOES THAT MEAN)(reference) Creativity is what gives a brand its power in the market (reference). Companies find it difficult to manage both the strategy and the creativity. You need a balance of both tools to build a strong brand. The reason why companies like Selfridges are valued is that they did not do what every other company does. They created a unique customer experience. Remember the customer is always right! Kotler and Keller (2006:275) say that although competitors may easily duplicate the manufacturing processes and product defines, they cannot match creativity and innovation. Innovation is key to omnipresent the point of view that is dynamic and fantastic. We need innovation in creating the identity of a brand. Without innovation we are like a car with no petrol. We do not move forward and people become bored of the repetitiveness of the usual cycle. Just like in life we need a change day to day otherwise our emotions are tied to being drain and depressed. You have to treat a brand like a human, you need to nurture it until is able to stand up on its two feet. The initial beginning of creating a brands identity is by its logo giving the brand name. The name requires being memorable, protective and likeable. Not forgetting the spelling and pronunciation to be easy. In the market industry, the phrase brand equity is to describe the value of having a well-known brand name. The idea is based on that the owner of a well-established brand name can generate more profit from products with their brand name than from products from a less well-known name. You may also call brand equity as brand value or brand recognition. (Aker: 1991). A great name deserves great graphics. A clear understanding of the key terms used in graphic design will help to articulate and formalise your ideas and ensure accuracy in the transfer of those ideas to others. (Paul Harris, Gavin Ambrose: 2006:7). Graphic design is a discipline that continues to evolve. Ambrose shows how technology has affected communications in the past and how it continues to do so. (Paul Harris, Gavin Ambrose: 2006:274) Coupled with this is the ever-changing taste and preference of society. Which in the 20th century, gives arise to how information should be presented. In many schools and universities across the board, this has become a disciplinary act. So what comes next? Behind shape and colour, the brain takes time to process language. You need a strategy to survive in the big wide world of brands. A logo is able to work across many languages and cultures. It is socially powerful enough to stand alone. We now use the gender to process the message and communicate it but then to pass it on to the gender again, before we would use the gender to pass on the message for other people to receive it We as people need to able to communicate ideas effectively and this is where many businesses fail to be valued. This tends to happen because they manipulate the public into something they are not. It is like receiving your goods and the service or product does not reach its expectations and is obvious. It isnt a sin to manipulate the public but if it isnt done using the right method it will become unsuccessful. We need to be able utilise a successful strategically method to become successful. Packaging is the last chance to build your brand. Make it fun! Why do we use packaging in so many different and odd ways? Many of the companies these days use a varied range of eco-friendly materials and methods to show that they are re-cycling back into the community. They use this as a unique selling point, which also helps the companys costs, sales and advertising. Although this method has been rinsed out we have now created the idea of customer involvement. The Niche market is now able to take the lime light from the big brands to use it as a unique selling point for maximising brand value not profit. Brands that use this strategy will benefit from sales and emotional bonds resulting in a higher value which would mean a more successful, trusted brand. According to Alina weeler (2012), we continue to invest in our core strengths. First, we dont skim on understanding the consumer. Second is innovationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ And third is brandingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Were delivering more messages to our consumers WHAT A POOR PICTURE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Alina Wheeler (2012:6) https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfv7sYfdpxddoAFpvMPsaku62imFT7H6P2TkHiQe64mrK7CegQo8r5PtNKNQVFm3gjdPMO3NPr_I22XK4MCdUN-7K4PE3UhoZ7N7S9dI4FKi-BrsD3g9nKkwUGRNGHbNXRfFHGLvxLLyQ/s320/coco-chanel1.jpg 4. IntroductionConceptCHANELChanel spring/summer 2013Karl Lagerfeld V Magazine, 2002 Chanel and Primark are two strong brands on opposite sides of the economic market trade. Primark is Cheap and cheerful as one would say whereas Chanel is luxurious and expensive. The aim of this research is to understand how the graphics adds to the brands identity. This chapter studies Chanels history and current brand identity. The reason why this chapter will investigate the historical and current brands identity is to understand why Chanels possible reasons of brand value and its consumers perceptions. 4.1 Chanel Fashion is not something that exists in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street; fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening. (Coco Chanel: 2010). Chanel has a strong influence on its target audience. Chanel did not design well for women because she was a woman. She invented how modern women should dress because she epitomised the independent rule breaking women. Caroline Rennolds Milbank (2005:27) suggests that Coco Chanels clothing range was basic. These inspirational quotes give Chanels brand an identity and meaning. According to Ritson (2004:21), a perception is subjective, supported by the individual consumers values, needs, beliefs or experiences. Laforet S (2010:213) views the role of brands in building corporate reputation, over time through advertising and communication. Gabrielle Coco Bonheur Chanel (August 19, 1883 January 10, 1971) was a French fashion designer and founder of the Chanel brand. She was the only fashion designer to appear on Time magazines list of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century. Chanel had a desire to rise above her common origins. Her talent and dedication unveiled her to a successful business and social prominence. Her professional life gave her a platform for the social class society. (2011:45) According to Forbes, the house of Chanel is partly in ownership with Alain Wertheimer and Gerard Wertheimer (grandsons of the early partner Pieerre Wertheimer (Forbes: 2011) reference) Chanel designs S.A.S designs, manufactures and retail fashion. (reference) 4.2 Target audience Chanel has always specialised in items such as simple suits, dresses, womens pants and costume jewellery too. Coco Chanels designs and creations are timeless. (Publication march 4/2011). Chanel represents women who want to be stylish, simple and elegant. Teo jia En views Chanels brand as a very strong brand (2010:7) 4.3 Micro analysis Strength Strong brand image: The story of Coco Chanel, who famously said fashion passes, style remains: Conveys a very strong message of Chanels timeless elegance. Cult Designer Karl Lagerfeld he has known to change nothing but everything for Chanel Beauty is in the detail Chanel is famous for its tweed material, detailed chain, and embroidery 4.4 Macro analysis Technology Macala Wright explains that all luxury brands have challenges with creating a connected consumer experience, especially in the automotive sector. Imhoff advises that, in addition to a companys main web presence on social media sites like Facebook and Twitter, they must also participate in forums where consumers have built communities celebrating their passion for the companys products. We always participate in an authentic and transparent manner building a solid connection between our consumers and our brand shared Imhoff. (2012) Social The consumer believes the value of the one who is wearing Chanel bag has a higher value than the one who is not wearing such a brand. The consumer feels the brand equity increases their social value Political Piracy of this bag has decreased the amount of sales Chanel could potentially have. The New York times makes a point that fake bags can function as free advertising for the real thing. I believe that people who buy fake designer handbags may decide to buy the real thing when their income increases. 4.5 Market position Chanels financial expert estimates that Chanel had a third of of Frances fashion and luxury goods sector in 2008 with an estimated value of $10.3 billion. The luxury leader Karl Lagerfeld is an inspirational creative director for Chanel. He himself has created a very strong brand image for Chanel. At the 2010 International Herald Tribune Luxury conference in London (2010), Imran Amed interviews Karl Largerfield. Karl Lagerfeld says Chanels market reputation is judged by the consumers perception not by the market. To him market value does not matter. He is a true believer of consumers perceptions as top priority, you need to be connected to be informed. Kotler and Keller (2006:174) explain that successful brand identity strategies require that organisation fully connect with their consumers. In relation to that Belch and Belch (2004:113) expand on the point of how consumers use information from other sources can be just as important in creating a brand identity strategy. 4.6 Chanels competitors/analysis Louis Vuitton established sine 1854 is one of the main fashion brands of 2012, alongside Gucci who manges over 425 stores over the whole world are strong competitors for Chanel. According to Brandz valuation 2010 Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Hermes have managed to take place of the top three brands, Chanel coming in fourth. These top three brands specialise in leather, whereas Chanel does not. Chanel dropped sales by 13 percent, whilst the other top three leading enjoyed the lime light. THIS HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH BRANDING?! IS IT RELEVANT? http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/image-library/land/500/p/primark-logo.jpg 5. Introduction http://www.primark.co.uk/multimedia/homepage/home-page-spring-2013/spring2013_webpage_jpegs_uk8.jpg?w=492http://www.catwalkqueen.tv/assets_c/2009/01/Primark%20Spring%20Summer%202009%201-thumb-480748-127835.jpg This chapter looks at how Primark use graphics to enhance their brands identity and the historical origins of Primark. This will add an additional and alternative perspective to what the consumers perceive to be a brands identity. 5.1 Primark Primark is an Irish clothing retailer, operating in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Primark is part of Associated British Foods (ABF), a diversified International food WHAT IS THIS!? Primark sells clothes at the budget end of the market. The company sources cheaply, using simple designs and fabrics in the most popular sizes and buys stock in bulk. All of the companys merchandise is made specifically for the company and as such Primark has its own brand names. Within both menswear and ladies wear there is one main brand name that supplies most of the fashion labels, which are added to by other suppliers. Primark Stores Ltd, an Irish upstart and subsidiary of Associated British Foods, is second largest clothing retailer in terms of sales and revenue with its existence mainly in Ireland, UK, Spain and expanding further in the Europe. It is believable that soon it will become leading clothing retailer. As this budget, chain grows further out into other parts of the world. It is performing just as well here in Europe. The Manchester Evening News (2012) states that Primark has continued to resist Europes economic woes after an exceptional year in which it racked up  £3.5bn in sales and created 10,000 new jobs. 5.2 Strategic marketing analysis Using different analysis tools reveal that Primark is expanding globally and increasing its presence in the global market; Primark has adopted an approach of Think globally, Act locally as stated by Armstrong, (2006). Primark are expanding globally, but cater needs of the local consumers as well as the current fashion trends in their particular westernized local culture. Primark supports UKs global role by showcasing the best of British fashion to a global customers as well as it reflects how it builds social cohesion and business ethics between customers and its suppliers. Considering Primark has spent next to nothing on their advertising, this statement also maybe support Van den Heever (2000:11), He believes that a brand is not a name, logo, sign, symbol, advertisement or spokesperson. A brand is everything that an organisation wants people, obviously its target market being one of the main aspects, to understand, communicate a meaning about its product and services. 5.3 Target audience Primark have clear understanding demands of their customers. Primarks market segment is the fashion conscious people under-35s with the slogan Look good, pay less. Primark has chosen cost leadership strategy; it means that Primark has a cost privilege over competitors. 5.4 Micro Analysis Cheap price clothing, Primark is known for its cheap prices, The independent News( 2012), states that Primarks retail gross margins rose by 300 basis points. Total retail sales rose by 46 per cent to  £146.5m. Nick Robertson (2012), chief executive, said: It is challenged in the UK. But fortunately we sell to 20-somethings all over the world. Primark can choose competitive prices and produce quality clothing. So right price for the right product will increase the customers satisfaction Primark is on a larger scale than a lot of retailers, and employ over 20,000 employees they have become a part of a lot of peoples lives, they create a connection with their consumers by mass employment 5.6 Macro Analysis Political factors Primarks business polices are subject to government in order to sustain the smooth running of its business Economical, the company has established itself by providing its target consumers with affordable products. The pestle anaylsis (2012) says that Primark have analysed the price of the products of its competitors and then have taken advantage of their price during recession. Their exporting, importing and manufacturing prices are so low, they are able to make profit regardless of the economical downfall Social analysis Social analysis is focused on the demographic changes that might influence the product in the new buying perceptions of the market. The taste and buying target consumer population is the business priority. When other brands launches a new marketed product, Primark surely finds a cheaper alternative for their consumers Technology An article on Marketing Plan, refers the idea of how technology does effect a business how a social or economic factor would. With innovation, technology is able to create a smoother process of maybe a product transaction or improve the quality of the products. Primark could improve the transaction process, as their ques are miles long. If this is improved with the help of technology, the economical profits will be maximised, and social value will increase, as it will be seen worn on more people It can also lessen the unethical working behaviour such as shoplifting which is very commonly occurred in Primark stores. 5.6 Market position Primark offers innovative, fashionable clothes at value-for-money prices. Like many retail fashion businesses, Primark does not manufacture goods itself: it works with its suppliers to produce goods to Primarks specification. Primark relies on low costs, economies of scale and efficient distribution to maintain its competitive market position. 5.7 Primarks Competitors/analysis Like any other business, Primark is also facing tough competition from George at ASDA, Tesco, Marks Spencer, TK Max, Costco, Next, Zara, New Look, Peacock and Matalan. Analysis for each major competitor determines that Primark has better business strength and high market share. It has good financial strengths and high profitability but relatively poor quality of management and low standards of technology position. Primark is paying least attention to its marketing strategies. Marketing represents boundary between marketplace and company, and knowledge of current and emerging happenings in marketplace is extremely important in strategic planning exercise. WHY HAVE YOU ANALYSED IT LIKE A BUSINESS? WHY ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS? WHY IS THIS RELEVANT? 6. Advertising According to Jon Steel (1988:5), the most effective advertising involves consumers in two different but critical ways. Number one, it needs to involve them in the process of developing the communication, their feelings, habits, motivations, and desires all have to be explored and understood both how the product fits into their lives and how they might respond to different advertising messages. Jon (1988:8) follows on explaining the

Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl and The Signalman by Charles Dickens :: Comparing

In my essay I will be comparing the two short stories Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl and The Signalman by Charles Dickens. Comparing Short Stories In my essay I will be comparing the two short stories 'Lamb to the Slaughter' by Roald Dahl and 'The Signalman' by Charles Dickens. They both contain a twist in the tale and use the Macabre Tale Genre. The scenes are very different from on another and show different uses of language as Lamb to the slaughter uses 1900 text and The Signalman uses 20th Century text. The opening of Lamb to the slaughter gives the reader no reason to believe anything bad is going to happen. It starts off normal and uses words such as warm, clean and tranquil to paint the picture of the house being calm and a nice place. Though at the beginning of The Signalman it gives words such as gloomy and angry sunset to portray it is quite a scary maybe a dark and cold place. The Signalman is set in a 'Signal-box by a gloomy railway cutting with its dark tunnel' Lamb to the slaughter, being set in a house is completely different and delivers more of a calm and peaceful atmosphere. They don't seem to have many similarities. The theme to The Signalman is that of a man describing his experience of meeting a Signalman being haunted by a ghost. This ghost seemed to be warning him of hid death. It involves the two main characters, the narrator and the signalman. The Signalman described by the narrator, 'His attitude was one of such expectation and watchfulness' The narrator is not described throughout the story. The theme to Lamb to the slaughter is that of a husband and his wife. It is set in their house and their wife murders her husband with a leg of lamb. It is a story that tells us of how she tries to cover up the murder and tries to get the blame away from her and destroys all the evidence. The wife is described as, 'Her skin had acquired a wonderful translucent quality, the mouth was soft, and the eyes with their new placid look, seemed larger, darker than before.' The husband is described as having 'A warm male glow that came out of him' And the 'Far look in his eyes when they rested on her, the funny slope of the mouth.' These are things that the writer has written that the wife thinks about Patrick, her husband. I like the character of the wife because I like the way she covers up her murdering her husband.

Carnival Event Essay

To conclude this magical event full of happiness, dances, music, costumes and charisma produce in every single person each year a colorful spirit of carnival. To conclude this magical event full of happiness, dances, music, costumes and charisma produce in every single person each year a colorful spirit of carnival. The lovely kids that every body was waiting for arrived to the carnival event. Preschool beautiful princesses were already dancing through all the marathon gym so every single person could see the great dancers they were. We could say that this show was a triumph just because of the presentation of preschool with all the little kids that had happy faces during all the presentation so they keep us motivated and gave us energy to bravely keep shouting and applauding to them. After this amazing carnival event of the British international college finally finished, some interviews to certain teachers were made. Mrs. Sarah, primary teacher and queen of the event, told us â€Å"even though I’ve never been in a carnival event before I can say that this â€Å"lectura del bando† was totally Very exiting for me. Very serious Mr. Nelson, high school teacher, told us â€Å"well I could honestly admit that this year dew to the fact that there were no high school queen it was a very organized and colorful event and Finally with a big smile in his face , Mr. Guy , headmaster of the school told us â€Å"that he was very proud of all the work done in this fantastic event were teachers and student gave all their effort . The lovely kids that every body was waiting for arrived to the carnival event. Preschool beautiful princesses were already dancing through all the marathon gym so every single person could see the great dancers they were. We could say that this show was a triumph just because of the presentation of preschool with all the little kids that had happy faces during all the presentation so they keep us motivated and gave us energy to bravely keep shouting and applauding to them. After this amazing carnival event of the British international college finally finished, some interviews to certain teachers were made. Mrs. Sarah, primary teacher and queen of the event, told us â€Å"even though I’ve never been in a carnival event before I can say that this â€Å"lectura del bando† was totally Very exiting for me. Very serious Mr. Nelson, high school teacher, told us â€Å"well I could honestly admit that this year dew to the fact that there were no high school queen it was a very organized and colorful event and Finally with a big smile in his face , Mr. Guy , headmaster of the school told us â€Å"that he was very proud of all the work done in this fantastic event were teachers and student gave all their effort .   This surprising and colorful event started at 7:00 a.m. and took place in the marathon gym. Everyone was very exited, there were beautiful dresses every were, blue, yellow, red, black, all colors you can imagine. People were amazed o f such gracefully dances with the folkloric music. The main event of this fascinated carnival opening started with the entrance of the princesses and â€Å"rey momos† of primary. they all had spectacular carnivals costumes which in a way they â€Å"illuminated† the marathon gym with they dances and the charisma they had. This surprising and colorful event started at 7:00 a.m. and took place in the marathon gym. Everyone was very exited, there were beautiful dresses every were, blue, yellow, red, black, all colors you can imagine. People were amazed of such gracefully dances with the folkloric music. The main event of this fascinated carnival opening started with the entrance of the princesses and â€Å"rey momos† of primary. they all had spectacular carnivals costumes which in a way they â€Å"illuminated† the marathon gym with they dances and the charisma they had. Yesterday morning in the British international school we had one of the most expected event of the year â€Å"lectura del bando† one of the happiest celebration of the carnivals. Yesterday morning in the British international school we had one of the most expected event of the year â€Å"lectura del bando† one of the happiest celebration of the carnivals.